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2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(11-12)
2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(11)
Inthe1962movieLawrenceofArabia,onesceneshowsanAmericannewspaperreportereagerlysnappingphotosofmenlootingasabotagedtrain.Oneofthelooters,ChiefAudaabuTayioftheHoweitatclan,suddenlynoticesthecameraandsnatchesit."AmIinthis?"heasks,beforesmashingitopen.Tothedismayedreporter,Lawrenceexplains,"Hethinksthesethingswillstealhisvirtue.Hethinksyou'reakindofthief."
Assoonascolonizersandexplorersbegantakingcamerasintodistantlands,storiesbegancirculatingabouthowindigenouspeoplessawthemastoolsforblackmagic.The"ignorantnatives"mayhavehadapoint.Whenphotographyfirstbecameavailable,scientistswelcomeditasamoreobjectivewayofrecordingfarawaysocietiesthanearlytravelers'exaggeratedaccounts.Butinsomeways,anthropologicalphotographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholdsthecamerathantheonethatstaresback.Upintothe1950sand1960s,manyethnographerssought"pure"picturesof"primitive"cultures,routinelydeletingmodernaccoutrementssuchasclocksandWesterndress.Theypaidmenandwomentore-enactritualsortoposeasmembersofwarorhuntingparties,oftenwithlittleregardforveracity.EdwardCurtis,thelegendaryphotographerofNorthAmericanIndians,forexample,gotoneMakahmantoposeasawhalerwithaspearin1915--eventhoughtheMakahhadnothuntedwhalesinageneration.
Thesephotographsreinforcedwidelyacceptedstereotypesthatindigenouscultureswereisolated,primitive,andunchanging.Forinstance,NationalGeographicmagazine'sphotographshavetaughtmillionsofAmericansaboutothercultures.AsCatherineLutzandJaneCollinspointoutintheir1993bookReadingNationalGeographic,themagazinesinceitsfoundingin1888haskeptatraditionofpresentingbeautifulphotosthatdon'tchallengewhite,middle-classAmericanconventions.Whiledark-skinnedwomencanbeshownwithouttops,forexample,whitewomen'sbreastsaretaboo.Photosthatcouldunsettleordisturb,suchasareasoftheworldtornasunderbywarorfamine,arediscardedinfavorofthosethatreassure,toconformwiththesociety'sstatedpledgetopresentonly"kindly"visionsofforeignsocieties.Theresult,LutzandCollinssay,isthedepictionof"anidealizedandexoticworldrelativelyfreeofpainorclassconflict."
LutzactuallylikesNationalGeographicalot.Shereadthemagazineasachild,anditslushimageryinfluencedhereventualchoiceofanthropologyasacareer.Shejustthinksthataspeoplelookatthephotographsofothercultures,theyshouldbealerttothechoiceofcompositionandimages.
练习题
1.Themainideaofthepassageis______________.
[A]PhotographstakenbyWesternexplorersreflectmoreWesterners’perceptionoftheindigenousculturesandtheWesternvalues.
[B]ThereisacomplicatedrelationshipbetweentheWesternexplorersandtheprimitivepeoples.
[C]PopularmagazinessuchasNationalGeographicshouldshowpicturesoftheexoticandidealizedworldstomaintainhighsales.
[D]Anthropologistsaskthenativestoposefortheirpictures,compromisingthetruthfulnessoftheirpictures.
2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatearlytravelerstothenativelandsoften_________.
[A]tookpictureswiththenatives
[B]gaveexaggeratedaccountsofthenativelands
[C]askforpicturesfromthenatives
[D]gavethenativesclocksandWesterndresses
3.TheauthormentionsthemovieLawrenceofArabiato___________.
[A]showhowpeopleintheindigenoussocietiesareportrayedbyWesterners.
[B]illustratehowpeoplefromprimitivesocietiesseecamerasastoolsofblackmagicthatstealtheirvirtues.
[C]showhowanthropologistsportrayuntruthfulpicturesofnativepeople.
[D]showthecruelandbarbariansideofthenativepeople.
4.“Butinsomeways,anthropologicalphotographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholdsthecamerathantheonethatstaresback.”Inthissentence,the“one[culture]thatstaresback”refersto_______.
[A]theindigenousculture
[B]theWesternculture
[C]theacademicculture
[D]thenewsbusinessculture
5.WithwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldCat
herineLutzmostprobablyagree?
[A]ReportersfromtheWesternsocietiesshouldroutinelydeletemodernelementsinpicturestakenoftheindigenoussocieties.
[B]TheprimitiveculturesareinferiortothemoreadvancedWesternculture.
[C]Thewesternmediaarenotpresentingarealisticpictureofthefarawaysocieties.
[D]PeopleintheWesternnewsbusinessshouldtrynottochallengethewell-establishedwhitemiddle-classvalues.
答案及解析
1.答案是[A]PhotographstakenbyWesternexplorersreflectmoreWesterners’perceptionoftheindigenousculturesandtheWesternvalues.
解析:本文的主题是,西方的媒体,为了迎合西方读者猎奇的心理,同时,为了不与西方读者的中产阶级价值观发生冲突,在他们拍摄的照片中,并不是真正客观公正地反映经济发展水平较为落后的社会中人们的生活。他们经常有意删除照片中反映西方文明烙印的成分,甚至摆布照片中的主人公,以描绘出一个西方读者想象中的,经济不发达的,有异域风情的,没有痛苦和阶级斗争的经济落后社会的画面。他们甚至避免刊登那些反映饥荒,战争,灾害的照片,以满足西方媒体“只刊登外国社会美好一面的照片”的默契。
2.答案是[B]gaveexaggeratedaccountsofthenativelands
解析:文章第二段说,Whenphotographyfirstbecameavailable,scientistswelcomeditasamoreobjectivewayofrecordingfarawaysocietiesthanearlytravelers'exaggeratedaccounts.可见早期到原始社会旅行回来的人往往对当地的情况夸大其词。在照相机发明之后,科学家能更好地客观反映那些远方地区的真实情况。
3.答案是[B]illustratehowpeoplefromprimitivesocietiesseecamerasastoolsofblackmagicthatstealtheirvirtues.
解析:文章的第一段介绍的是著名的1962年获得7项奥斯卡大奖的电影《阿拉伯的劳伦斯》(导演:DAVIDLEAN)中的一个片段。该电影本来与作者要讲的题目并无直接关系。作者仅仅通过一个电影中描述的场景来说明一个论点。那就是比较原始,开化较晚的社会,那里的人们对现代的文明,和从没见过的现代文明的产物容易产生误解。电影中的土著抢走了LAWRENCE的照相机,因为他怀疑,那从未见过的玩意儿会偷走他的“美好品德(VIRTUE)”。但是,作者在下文说,那些土著居民的担心并非全无道理。因为西方的记者和学者们,为了描绘一个西方人心目中固有的土著社会(或者经济发展欠发达社会)的形象,故意篡改照片,满足西方读者的好奇心,并且有意迎合西方中产阶级的趣味。在短文中,作者有时候并不开宗明义,直奔主题,而是利用人们都熟悉的文化元素,例如诗歌,书籍,电影,歌曲等,引起读者对其讨论话题的兴趣,然后再引入主题。并不是每一篇文章都会开门见山,读者不应该把每篇文章的首尾句都当成对文章大意的总结。
4.答案是[A]theindigenousculture
解析:Butinsomeways,anthropologicalphotographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholdsthecamerathantheonethatstaresback.本句是文章切入主题的重点句。考生应该格外注意在阅读文章靠前部分出现的,以转折词(例如,HOWEVER,BUT,NEVERTHELESS,NONETHELESS等)开头的句子。那往往是作者叙述传统论点,或者普遍看法的关键地方。本句可以理解为:但是,在某些方面,人类学家拍摄的照片展现的与其说是那个盯视着照相机的(被拍摄的)文化,不如说是反映了拿着照相机的(西方)文化。作者暗示,照片反映了西方摄影者的偏见和对落后文化固有的看法,反映的是西方的价值观,并不是完全真实客观的那些不发达社会的写照。这句话基本上是对文章中心意思的总结。如果对文章的主题有大致的认识,就不会将本题选错。
5.答案是[C]Thewesternmediaarenotpresentingarealisticpictureofthefarawaysocieties.
解析:CatherineLutz是文章中提到的1993年出版的READINGNATIONALGEOGRAPHIC的作者之一。她们在书中写道,《国家地理》杂志自从1888年创刊以来,就一直刊登那些不和美国中产阶级白人的价值观发生冲突的照片。照片中可以表现袒露胸部的黑色皮肤的妇女,但是白人妇女的胸部就是禁止刊登的对象。她们认为,这样做的后果就是,在那些西方主流杂志中展现的,似乎是相对而言没有痛苦的,也不存在阶级斗争的社会。因此答案CThewesternmediaarenotpresentingarealisticpictureofthefarawaysocieties(西方媒体并没有展现落后地区的真实画面)最能表现该作者的观点。
2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(12)TheBritishMedicalJournalrecentlyfeaturedastrongresponsetowhatwasjudgedaninappropriatelylenientreactionbyamedicalschooltoastudentcheatinginanexamination.Althoughwehaveinsufficientreliabledataabouttheextentofthisphenomenon,itsprevention,oritseffectivemanagement,muchcanbeconcludedandactedupononthebasisofcommonsenseandconceptswithfacevalidity.
Thereisgeneralagreementthatthereshouldbezerotoleranceofcheatinginaprofessionbasedontrustandoneonwhichhumanlivesdepend.Itisreasonabletoassumethatcheatersinmedicalschoolwillbemorelikelythanotherstocontinuetoactdishonestlywithpatients,colleagues,insurers,andgovernment.
Thebehavioursunderquestionaremultifactorialinorigin.Therearefamilial,religious,andculturalvaluesthatareacquiredlongbeforemedicalschool.Forexample,countries,cultures,andsubculturesexistwherebribesanddishonestbehaviourarealmostanorm.Therearesecondaryschoolsinwhichneitherstaffnorstudentstoleratecheatingandotherswherecheatingisrampant;therearehomeswhichimbueyoungpeoplewithhighstandardsofethicalbehaviourandotherswhichleaveethicaltrainingtotheharmfulinfluenceoftelevisionandthemarketplace.
Medicalschoolsreflectsocietyandcannotbeexpectedtoremedyalltheillsofasociety.Theselectionproce
ssofmedicalstudentsmightbeexpectedtofavourcandidateswithintegrityandpositiveethicalbehaviour—ifonehadareliablemethodfordetectingsuchcharacteristicsinadvance.Medicalschoolsshouldbethemajorfocusofattentionforimbuingfuturedoctorswithintegrityandethicalsensitivity.Unfortunatelytherearetroubling,ifinconclusive,datathatsuggestthatduringmedicalschooltheethicalbehaviourofmedicalstudentsdoesnotnecessarilyimprove;indeed,moraldevelopmentmayactuallystoporevenregress.
Thecreationofapervasiveinstitutionalcultureofintegrityisessential.Itiscriticalthattheacademicandclinicalleadersoftheinstitutionsetapersonalexampleofintegrity.Medicalschoolsmustmaketheirinstitutionalpositionandtheirexpectationsofstudentsabsolutelyclearfromdayone.Thedevelopmentofaschool'scultureofintegrityrequiresapartnershipwiththestudentsinwhichtheyplayanactiveroleinitscreationandnurturing.Moreover,theschool'sexaminationsystemandgeneraltreatmentofstudentsmustbeperceivedasfair.Finally,thetreatmentofinfractionsmustbefirm,fair,transparent,andconsistent.
练习题
1.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcheatinginmedicalschools?
[A]Extensiveresearchhasbeendoneaboutthisphenomenon.
[B]Wehavesufficientdatatoprovethatpreventionisfeasible.
[C]Wearesafetoconcludethatthisphenomenonexistsonagrandscale.
[D]Reliabledataabouttheextent,preventionandmanagementofthephenomenonislacking.
2.Accordingtotheauthor,itisimportanttopreventcheatinginmedicalschoolsbecause____________.
[A]Themedicalprofessionisbasedontrust.
[B]Thereiszerotoleranceofcheatinginmedicine.
[C]Themedicalprofessiondependsonthegovernment.
[D]Cheatingexistsextensivelyinmedicalschools.
3.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthecause(s)ofcheating?
[A]Family,cultureandsocietyplayanactivepart.
[B]Badschoolenvironmentistheleadingcauseofstudentcheating.
[C]Parentsarealwaystoblamefortheirchildren’scheatingbehaviour.
[D]CheatingexistsprimarilybecausestudentslearnbadthingsfromTV.
4.Accordingtotheauthor,whatprecautionsshouldmedicalschoolstaketopreventstudentsfromcheating?
[A]Medicalschoolsshouldestablishafirmmoralstandardtoweedoutapplicantswithlowintegrity.
[B]Medicalschoolsshouldmakeeffortstoremedytheillsofasociety.
[C]Medicalschoolsshouldteachfuturedoctorsintegrityandethicalvalues.
[D]Thereisnothingmedicalschoolscandotoimprovetheethicalbehaviouroftheirstudents.
5.Theauthorwillprobablyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?
[A]Medicalschoolsshouldmakeexamseasierforthestudentstoalleviatethefiercecompetition.
[B]Prominentfiguresinthemedicalinstitutionshouldcreateasetofmoralstandardstobeappliedinmedicalschools.
[C]Medicalstudentsshouldplayanactiveroleinthecreationandpreservationofacultureofintegrity.
[D]Thosestudentswhocheatintheexamsshouldbeinstantlyexpelledfromschool.
答案及解析
1.答案是[D]Reliabledataabouttheextent,preventionandmanagementofthephenomenonislacking.
解析:文章第一段说,Althoughwehaveinsufficientreliabledataabouttheextentofthisphenomenon,itsprevention,oritseffectivemanagement,muchcanbeconcludedandactedupononthebasisofcommonsenseandconceptswithfacevalidity.可见,到目前为止,我们还不很了解医学院作弊现象的严重程度,也不甚明了如何对该类现象进行预防和管理。既然目前所掌握的DATA是insufficient(不充足的),那么[A][B][C]所说的都不符合文章的原意,故均为错误选项。只有[D]的叙述正确。
2.答案是[A]Themedicalprofessionisbasedontrust.
解析:作者在第二段说,人们一致认为,医学的基础就是诚信。在医学院就作弊的学生通常比其他人更容易做出欺骗病人,同事,和政府的事情。因此,医学以诚信为本的性质就决定了,对医学院的作弊行为应该坚决打击。[B]项说的是打击作弊行为的结果,而不是原因。[C]医学依靠政府,[D]医学院中作弊行为普遍存在,都不符合文章内容。
3.答案是[A]Family,cultureandsocietyplayanactivepart.
解析:[A]的内容符合文章的原意。作者在讨论作弊现象的根源时,结论是,作弊现象存在,原因是多方面的。学生在上医学院之前受到的家庭,社会和文化的熏陶在很大程度上决定他们是否会在考试中作弊。也就是选项[A]的内容。[B][C][D]的说法虽然都有道理,但是都过于绝对。学校的环境,家长的教育,电视的影响,虽然都起一定作用,但是都不能说是决定性的。Leading,always,primarily之类的用词决定了它们都不是最佳选项。
4.答案是[C]Medicalschoolsshouldteachfuturedoctorsintegrityandethicalvalues.
解析:[A]“医学院应该确立明确道德标准,淘汰道德素质低下的申请者”是错误选项。因为文章谈到如何甄别申请医学院学生的道德素质的时候,作者用的是虚拟语气have的过去式had(ifonehadareliablemethodfordetectingsuchcharacteristicsinadvance):如果能有可靠的标准,能预先了解学生的道德水平,医学院在录取的时候应该照顾那些恪守道德准则的学生。可见目前并没有这样的标准可循。[B]Medicalschoolsshouldmakeeffortstoremedytheillsofasociety.和文章的内容相反。因为文章明确地说Medicalschools...cannotbeexpectedtoremedyalltheillsofasociety.[C]项错,因为文章的本意是,医学院的学生在学期间,道德素质不仅不会提高,而且可能下降(regress)。但是作者并没有说,医学院在提高学生素质方面无计可施,而是敦促学校采取相应措施,imbuingfuturedoctorswithintegrityandethicalsensitivity,(增强未来的医师们的道德感)。
5.答案是[C]Medicalstudentsshouldplayanactiveroleinthecreationandpreservationofacultureofintegrity.
解析:[C]项和文章最后一段的Thedevelopmentofaschool'scultureofintegrityrequiresapartnershipwiththestudentsinwhichtheyplayanactiveroleinitscreationandnurturing相呼应。[A]错,因为作者没有建议医(转载自中国教育文摘http://www.edUzhai.net,请保留此标记。)学院应该降低考试难度。[B]的叙述不准确,因为作者的本意是医学界的要人应该树立楷模,而不是让他们设定一套人人遵循的行规。[D]错,作者仅提议医学院对有违反道德准则学生的处罚应该是坚决,公正,透明和统一的。作者并没有明确倡议一旦有作弊行为就将其开除出校。
2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(1-2)
2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(1)
Imaginingbeingaskedtospendtwelveorsoyearsofyourlifeinasocietywhichconsistedonlyofmembersofownsex.Howwouldyoureact?Unlesstherewassomethingdefinitelywrongwithyou,youwouldn'tbetoohappyaboutit,tosaytheleast.Itisallthemoresurprisingthereforethatsomanyparentsintheworldchoosetoimposesuchabnormalconditionsontheirchildren–conditionswhichtheythemselveswouldn’tputupwithforoneminute!
Anydiscussionofthistopicisboundtoquestiontheaimsofeducation.Stuffingchildren'sheadsfullofknowledgeisfarfrombeingforemostamongthem.Oneofthechiefaimsofeducationsistoequipfuturecitizenswithalltheyrequiretotaketheirplaceinadultsociety.Nowadultsocietyismadeupofmenandwomen,sohowcanasegregatedschoolpossiblyoffertherightsortofpreparationforit?Anyoneenteringadultsocietyafteryearsofsegregationcanonlybeinforashock.
Aco-educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.Boysandgirlsaregiventheopportunitytogettoknoweachother,tolearntolivetogetherfromtheirearliestyears.Theyareputinapositionwheretheycancomparethemselveswitheachotherintermsofacademicability,athleticachievementandmanyoftheextra-curricularactivitieswhicharepartofschoollife.Whatapracticaladvantageitis(togivejustasmallexample)tobeabletoputonaschoolplayinwhichthemalepartswillbetakenbyboysandthefemalepartsbygirls!Whatnonsenseco-educationmakesoftheargumentthatboysareclevererthangirlorvice-versa.Whensegregated,boysandgirlsaremadetofeelthattheyarearaceapart.Rivalrybetweenthesexesisfostered.Inacoeducationalschool,everythingfallsintoitsproperplace.
Butperhapsthegreatestcontributionofco-educationisthehealthyattitudetolifeitencourages.Boysdon'tgrowupbelievingthatwomenaremysteriouscreatures–airygoddesses,morelikebook-illustrationstoafairy-tale,thanhumanbeings.Girlsdon'tgrowupimaginingthatmenareromanticheroes.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldispelillusionsofthiskind.Therearenogoddesseswithfreckles,pigtails,piercingvoicesandinkyfingers.Therearenoromanticheroeswithknobblyknees,dirtyfingernailsandunkempthair.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.Thesecanbetterbeovercomeinaco-educationalenvironment.Segregatedschoolssometimesprovidetherightconditionsforsexualdeviation.Thisishardlypossibleunderaco-educationalsystem.Whenthetimecomesforthepupilstoleaveschool,theyarefullypreparedtoentersocietyaswell-adjustedadults.Theyhavealreadyhadyearsofexperienceincopingwithmanyoftheproblemsthatfacemenandwomen.
1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
[A]onlyco-educationcanbeinharmonywithsociety.
[B]peopleareingreatneedofco-education.
[C]anyformofeducationotherthanco-educationissimplyunthinkable.
[D]co-educationhasmanyfeatures.
2.whatdoesco-educationoffertochildren?
[A]Asociety.
[B]Atruesmallmodelofsociety.
[C]Areallife.
[D]Trueversionofsocialcondition.
3.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthechiefaimsofeducation?
[A]Itisforstudentstoacquireknowledge.
[B]Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithscientifictechnology.
[C]Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithwhatisrequiredingettingapositioninsociety.
[D]Itisforstudentstogetacademicachievements.
4.Whydoboysandgirlsinco-educationhavenoillusionabouteachother?
[A]Theylivetogetherandknoweachothertoowell.
[B]Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldismisssuchillusion.
[C]co-educationencouragethemtohaveanhealthyattitudetowardlife.
[D]Theyarefamiliarwitheachother’sproblems.
参考答案及解析
Vocabulary
1.tobeinfor=receive接受
Heisinforpunishment.他受到惩罚。
2.miniature缩样,雏形,微型画
3.freckle雀斑
4.pigtail鞭子
5.knobbly=knobby多节的
6.unkempt乱七八糟,蓬乱的
7.sharpfocus=clearview
bringintofocus使集中在焦点上,对光
bringintosharpfocus这里的意义是:一目了然,明显突出
8.deviation越轨,偏离,入歧途
难句译注
1.allthemore
越发,格外。
2.aco-educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.
【参考译文】男女合校至少给孩子提供了一个社会真正缩影。
3.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.
【参考译文】棘手的青春期把成长过程中出现的某些身体上合感情上的问题清晰地摆出来。
写作方法与文章大意
文章论及“男女合校制的优越性和男女分校制的缺陷。”采用因果、对比写法。首先假设单一性别社会,人所不能容忍,那单一性别的学校培养的人又怎能适应社会。因为社会是男女组成的。然后分别对比合校和分校的优缺点。比较合校的优点,分校的缺点,最后得出结论:之后合校的学生,在离校进入社会,已做好一切准备,而不会感到震惊,因为他们已有好几年的经验,会处理面临男女的许多问题。
答案详解
1.C除了男女合校,其他形式的教育简直难以想象。答案见第一段“设想请你在一个只有你一样性别的人存在的社会生活12年光景,你会如何反应呢?除非你本人确实有毛病,否则,你至少不会太高兴。因此,世界上有那么多的父母愿意把这种不正常的环境(他们自己一分钟都受不了的环境)强加给他们的孩子们,这太令人惊讶!”第二段讲“教育的目的之一就是为未来的公民在成人社会中找一席之地,准备好需要的一切。而社会由男女组成,那分校又怎能准备?”后两段讲合校之优点,分校之缺点,具体对比突出主题。这都说明C最合适。A.只有合校才能和社会相协调。D.合校有许多特点。这两项文章内容涉及到,但作为最佳标题则不确切。B.人们非常需要合校。文内没有直接谈到。2.B一个真实社会的缩影。这在第三段第一句“男女合校确实能给孩子们提供一个社会真实的缩影。”下面的内容都是围绕这个主题而写的具体情况。如:生活在一起,彼此了解,对比等。A.社会。C.一种真实的生活。D.真实的社会情况。都没有B项那样确切。
3.C为未来公民在社会上拥有一席之地,准备好所需要的一切。这在第二段“这个话题的讨论必然会引出教育目的的问题。把各种知识塞进孩子头脑远不是教育主要的目的,教育的主要目的之一是为未来公民在成人社会求得一席之地,准备好所需一切。”A.学生学到只是。B.以科技武装未来公民。C.为学生缺德学术成就。都只是知识学习的一个部分。
4.B几年学校共同生活打消了幻想。答案在第四段中,“在学校中,几年生活在一起消除这一类的幻想。没有什么脸上有雀斑,梳着鞭子,涂着指甲,尖的噪音的女神,也没有膝部有疙瘩,指甲脏兮兮,头发乱蓬蓬的浪漫英雄。棘手的青春期明显呈现出来的成长过程中身体上和感情上的问题,在男女合校环境中得到很好的解决。”A.他们生活在一起,彼此太了解。此答案太过,不是太了解而不产生幻想,而是了解情况;真人就在眼前,人就实际了,消除了幻想。C.合校鼓励他们对生活有一种健康积极的态度。这是合校的大方向,不是消除幻想的根本原因。D.他们熟悉彼此的问题。不全是消除幻想之因,而是处理问题的前奏。这在最后一段最后两句话有说明“当学生离校的时刻来到时,他们已是很有适应性的成人,为进入社会做好了充分准备。他们已有几年处理面临男女的许多问题的经验。”
2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(2)Teenageboys,regardlessofrace,aremorelikelytodiefromgunshotwoundsthanfromallnaturalcausescombined.
BythetimetheaverageAmericanchildleavesprimaryschool,heorshewillwitness8,000murdersandmorethan100,000actsofviolenceontelevision.
Youtharebecominginvolvedinviolenceatanalarmingrate.Infact,theyoungarrestrateformurderdoubled,from6arrestsper100,000youthagedfrom10to17toover12per100,000.
TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationCommissiononViolenceandYouthreportedonastudyoffirstandsecondgradersinWashingtonDC:45%saidtheyhadwitnessedmuggings(行凶抢劫),31%saidtheyhadwitnessedshootings,and39%saidtheyhadseendeadbodies.
Forthemanyyouthwhohavenotbeendirectlyexposedtoviolenceintheirowncommunities,theentertainmentmedia(television,movies,musicandvideogames)providesmanyopportunitiesforchildrentoseeandhearviolentexchanges.Researchshowsthatthereareabout5-6violentactsperhouronprimetimeand20-25violentactsonSaturdaymorningchildren’sprogramming.Initsreport,theAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA)reportedthatviewingviolenceontelevisionhurtschildreninmanyways.Inparticular,theAPAconcludesthatchildrenmaybecomelesssensitivetothepainandsufferingofothers,bemorefearfuloftheworldaroundthem,bemorelikelytobehaveinaggressiveorharmfulwaystowardothers,andgraduallyacceptviolenceasawaytosolveproblems.TheAmericanAcademyofChildandAdolescentPsychiatryalsocautionsthatchildrenmayimitatetheviolencetheyobserveontelevision.
Anotherformofviolenceinvolvingyouthisphysicalpunishmentintheschools.Thisformofdisciplinestillremainslegallysupportedin23nationsinAmerica.TheOfficeforCivilRightsintheDepartmentofEducationreportedthat555,000studentswerephysicallypunishedintheschoolsduringthisschoolyear.Althoughsuchpunishmenthasbeenregardedasaneffectivemethodofdisciplinebythosewhoapplyit,thefindingsareobviousthatphysicalpunishmentdoesnotworkandthatchildrenwhoarevictimsofphysicalpunishmentaresubjecttopotentiallong-termphysicalandemotionaldamage.
练习题:
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Accordingtothepassage,theAmericanteenageboys,livesaremostthreatenedby______
A.gunmurders
B.naturaldiseases
C.TVviolence
D.physicalpunishment
2.Theauthortendstousethefourthparagraphtosupporttheideathat_____
A.manyyouthhavewatchedmuchviolenceonTV
B.youthviolenceinWashingtonD.C.isveryserious
C.fightsmaybethemostwidely-seenyouthviolence
D.Americanyouthhavebeenexposedtomuchviolence
3.TheAPAindicatesthattoomuchTVviolencemaychangechildren______
A.tobecomeseparatedfromtheworld
B.toremainindifferenttoothers’pain
C.tosolveproblemsonlybyviolence
D.tobefearfulofaggressivebehaviors
4.ThepassagedoesNOTdiscusthatmanyyouthbecomevictimof______
A.murdersB.familyviolenceC.TVviolenceD.schoolviolence
5.Theauthormaymostprobablyagreethatphysicalpunishmentis_________
A.acceptable,thoughineffective
B.illegal,thougheffective
C.harmful,thoughlegal
D.reasonable,thoughillegal
参考答案及解析
1.[A]事实细节题。本题考查对比处。根据第1段中的morelikely…than可知选项A正确,选项B可由此排除。选项C和D虽在文中有提到,但作者并无讨论它们是否危及孩子的生命。
2.[D]主旨大意题。文章第1和第2段提出话题:小孩接触太多暴力。第3段和第4段讨论小孩遇到的严重暴力,如murder,muggings等,为主题服务,因此本段应支持文章开头提出的话题。本段说明的是现实生活中的暴力,而非电视上的,故选项A不对,选项B和C都只是对本段中某个现象的描述。
3.[B]推理判断题。本题考査列举处。选项B是对第5段倒数第2句中becomelesssensitivetothepainandsufferingofothers的近义替换,因此正确。选项A中的isolated并不等同于文中的fearful,也不是因为害怕世界必然带来的结果。选项C中的only过于绝对,文中只说away。选项D拼凑了原句中的某些词语,但文中并无此意。
4.[B]主旨大意题。本文结构可分为四部分:第1段和第2段总起,指出论题;第二部分讨论murder等严重暴力;第三部分即第5段讨论TVviolence;第四部分即最后一段讨论学校里的体罚,也就是schoolviolence。因此只有选项B没有在文中讨论。
5.[C]观点态度题。根据最后一段,特别是最后一句,可以推断作者认为体罚不起作用,并对学生身心产生有害的影响,由此可见,作者不认同体罚,因此选项A和D不正确。选项B中的illegal与文中说法相反,因此也不正确。
大学英语六级新题型都有哪些题和各题的分值
根据考生答题的顺序,试卷共由6部分组成:写作测试、快速阅读理解、听力理解、仔细阅读理解、改错和翻译。
2006.12.24实际考卷结构如下:
第一部分:写作
(时间:30
minutes)(分值:15分)
第二部分:阅读理解
(时间:40
minutes)(分值:35分)
仔细阅读理解
(25m)(篇章阅读理解和篇章词汇理解)
(形式为分别为多项选择和选词填空)
快速阅读理解(15
minutes)
(形式为是非判断
+
句子填空或其他
)
第三部分:听力理解(时间:35
minutes)(分值:35分)
听力对话(短对话和长对话)(形式为多项选择)
听力短文(短文理解和短文听写)(形式为分别为多项选择和复合式听写)
第四部分
综合测试
(时间:20
minutes)(分值:15分)
完型填空或改错
(15m)
(形式分别为多项选择和错误辨认并改正)
篇章问答或句子翻译
(5m)
(形式为简短回答或汉译英)
先做写作,再做快速阅读,再做听力,最后做其它题型。
样卷结构
试题内容
答题时间
答题卡
Part
I
Writing
30
minutes
Answer
Sheet
1
Part
II
Reading
Comprehension(Skimming
and
Scanning)
15
minutes
Part
III
Listening
Comprehension
35
minutes
Answer
Sheet
2
Part
IV
Reading
Comprehension(Reading
in
Depth)
25
minutes
Part
V
Cloze
15
minutes
Part
VI
Translation
5
minutes
2006年12月新英语六级真题(完整版)
http://www.cet6w.com/exam/zt_5757.asp
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07年六级模拟题库:http://www.cet6w.com/mn6.asp
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